On the Utah Property & Casualty exam, the Personal Automobile Policy appears both as a standard ISO-style contract and as a set of Utah auto rules you must apply. This standalone guide reviews the policy's coverage parts, then drills into the Utah overlay: the fact that Utah is a no-fault state requiring Personal Injury Protection (PIP), the unusual 30/65/25 minimum liability limits effective January 1, 2025, the tort threshold that controls when an injured person may sue, and the requirement that uninsured- and underinsured-motorist coverage be offered. The Utah-specific material is where most state credit is earned.

Policy structure (the national base)

The Personal Auto Policy (PAP) is a packaged contract organized into lettered parts:

• Part A — Liability: pays bodily injury (BI) and property damage (PD) the insured is legally liable for; the insurer provides a defense, and supplementary payments such as defense costs are paid in addition to the limit.
• Part B — Medical Payments: pays reasonable medical and funeral costs for the insured and passengers regardless of fault (in no-fault Utah, this role is largely filled by PIP).
• Part C — Uninsured/Underinsured Motorists: pays the insured's injuries when the at-fault party is uninsured or underinsured.
• Part D — Coverage for Damage to Your Auto: Collision and Other Than Collision (Comprehensive), each with a deductible, settled at Actual Cash Value (ACV).
• Part E — Duties After an Accident or Loss and Part F — General Provisions.

Limits may be written as split limits (e.g., 30/65/25) or as a Combined Single Limit (CSL). Insureds include the named insured, resident spouse, resident relatives, and permissive users—a friend who borrows the car with permission is generally covered. Eligible vehicles are private passenger autos, pickups, and vans not used mainly for business. That framework is national; Utah governs the limits and the liability environment around it.

Utah is a no-fault state requiring PIP

Unlike most western states, Utah is a no-fault jurisdiction. Every Utah auto policy must include Personal Injury Protection (PIP), which pays the insured's and passengers' medical expenses, a portion of lost wages, and certain other costs regardless of who caused the crash. The required PIP medical benefit is commonly cited at $3,000 per person (verify the current statutory figure), and PIP also typically pays limited wage loss, survivor, and funeral benefits.

The point of no-fault is that minor injuries are paid by your own PIP coverage instead of through a lawsuit. Because of this, you should think of Utah auto coverage as PIP first, liability second—the opposite emphasis from an at-fault (tort) state.

The tort threshold

No-fault does not abolish the right to sue—it limits it. In Utah an injured person may step outside the no-fault system and sue the at-fault driver for general damages (pain and suffering) only after crossing a tort threshold. That threshold is met when medical expenses exceed a dollar amount commonly cited at $3,000 (verify), or when the injury involves a serious or permanent outcome such as permanent disability, permanent impairment, dismemberment, or a fracture. Below the threshold, the injured party stays within PIP and generally cannot sue for pain and suffering. Expect the exam to test that Utah combines a monetary threshold with a verbal (injury-type) threshold.

Financial responsibility: 30/65/25

Every Utah driver generally must show financial responsibility, usually by carrying liability insurance at or above the state minimum split limits. Effective January 1, 2025 (House Bill 113 of 2023), those minimums increased to:

• $30,000 bodily injury per person
• $65,000 bodily injury per accident
• $25,000 property damage per accident

Shorthand: "30/65/25" (the prior minimum was 25/65/15, so a renewal after Jan 1, 2025 trues up to the new floor). A policy may instead satisfy the law with a Combined Single Limit of $90,000. Note the unusual middle number: the $65,000 per-accident bodily-injury aggregate did not change in 2025, so Utah's ratio of per-person to per-accident BI is tighter than the familiar national patterns—don't "round" the 65 up to a more typical figure.

In a 30/65/25 limit, remember the order: the first number is BI per person, the second is BI per accident (Utah's distinctive $65,000), and the third (25) is property damage per accident.

Uninsured and underinsured motorist rules

This is a heavily tested Utah area:

• Insurers writing auto liability must generally offer uninsured motorist (UM) and underinsured motorist (UIM) coverage; a customer who declines generally must reject it in writing (verify).
• UM responds when the insured is injured by an at-fault driver who has no liability insurance, and it also covers hit-and-run drivers.
• UIM applies when the at-fault driver has insurance but at limits too low to cover the insured's damages; it pays the gap up to the insured's UIM limit.
• The other driver must be legally at fault for UM/UIM to respond.

Optional and physical-damage coverages

• PIP is mandatory; Medical Payments (Med Pay) may be offered as extra first-party medical coverage on top of PIP.
• Collision pays for impact with another vehicle or object or upset of the auto; Comprehensive (Other Than Collision) pays for losses such as theft, fire, hail, vandalism, or hitting an animal. Both are optional but typically required by a lender.
• On a total loss, physical-damage coverage pays the vehicle's actual cash value at the time of loss—gap coverage is what pays the difference between ACV and a larger loan balance.
• A newly acquired auto is generally covered for a limited time if reported within the required period, and a named driver exclusion removes coverage while a specifically named person is driving.

Cancellation and nonrenewal

Utah regulates how an insurer may end a personal auto policy:

• Mid-term cancellation generally requires the insurer to give the policyholder the advance written notice required by law.
• Nonrenewal at the end of the term likewise requires advance written notice within the required time so the insured can find replacement coverage.
• On cancellation, the insurer keeps only the earned premium and refunds the unearned portion; when the insurer cancels, the refund is generally pro rata without penalty.

Required vs. optional coverages

Key Utah numbers to memorize

Common exam traps

• Calling Utah an at-fault state. Utah is no-fault and requires PIP—don't treat PIP as optional.
• Forgetting the tort threshold. Below the threshold the insured stays in PIP and generally cannot sue for pain and suffering.
• Misstating the 2025 minimums. Current is 30/65/25; the old 25/65/15 still appears as a distractor.
• "Fixing" the $65,000. The per-accident BI aggregate is an unusual $65,000 and did not rise in 2025—leave it alone.
• Treating UM/UIM as automatic or skippable. They must be offered, and a customer must reject in writing (verify).
• Hitting an animal is Comprehensive, not Collision.
• Total loss pays ACV; gap coverage (not the PAP itself) covers a larger loan balance.

Quick recap

• The PAP's Parts A–F structure is national; Utah sets the limits and legal framework.
• Utah is a no-fault state that requires PIP (medical commonly $3,000 per person, verify), with a tort threshold controlling when an injured person may sue for pain and suffering.
• Minimum liability is 30/65/25 effective Jan 1, 2025 (up from 25/65/15), or a $90,000 CSL; note the unusual $65,000 per-accident BI aggregate.
• Uninsured and underinsured motorist coverage must be offered, with written rejection if declined.
• Med Pay and physical-damage coverages are optional, and total losses pay ACV.
• Mid-term cancellation and nonrenewal require the advance written notice the law specifies, with unearned premium refunded.