On the Oklahoma Property & Casualty exam, the Personal Automobile Policy appears both as a standard ISO-style contract and as a set of Oklahoma auto rules you must apply. This standalone guide reviews the policy's coverage parts, then drills into the Oklahoma overlay: the commonly cited 25/50/25 financial-responsibility minimums, the at-fault (tort) system with modified comparative negligence, the requirement that uninsured- and underinsured-motorist coverage be made available, and cancellation/nonrenewal notice. The Oklahoma-specific material is where most state credit is earned.

Policy structure (the national base)

The Personal Auto Policy (PAP) is a packaged contract organized into lettered parts:

• Part A — Liability: pays bodily injury (BI) and property damage (PD) the insured is legally liable for; the insurer provides a defense, and supplementary payments such as defense costs are paid in addition to the limit.
• Part B — Medical Payments: pays reasonable medical and funeral costs for the insured and passengers regardless of fault.
• Part C — Uninsured/Underinsured Motorists: pays the insured's injuries when the at-fault party is uninsured or underinsured.
• Part D — Coverage for Damage to Your Auto: Collision and Other Than Collision (Comprehensive), each with a deductible, settled at Actual Cash Value (ACV).
• Part E — Duties After an Accident or Loss and Part F — General Provisions.

Limits may be written as split limits (e.g., 25/50/25) or as a Combined Single Limit (CSL). Insureds include the named insured, resident spouse, resident relatives, and permissive users—a friend who borrows the car with permission is generally covered. Eligible vehicles are private passenger autos, pickups, and vans not used mainly for business, and an owned utility trailer generally falls within the covered-auto definition for liability. That framework is national; Oklahoma governs the limits and the liability environment around it.

Oklahoma uses a tort (at-fault) liability system

Oklahoma is an at-fault / tort state, not a no-fault state. The driver who causes a crash is financially responsible, and the injured party collects from that driver's liability coverage or by filing suit. This is why liability coverage and financial responsibility dominate Oklahoma auto law.

Oklahoma applies modified comparative negligence. The rule to remember: a claimant may recover only if their share of fault is not greater than the other party's—in practice a 50%-or-less claimant recovers (reduced by their own percentage), while a claimant whose fault exceeds 50% is barred entirely (the "51% bar"). Contrast this with pure comparative states, where even a mostly-at-fault claimant recovers something. Expect the exam to test that Oklahoma is modified comparative, not pure comparative and not pure contributory.

Financial responsibility: 25/50/25

Every Oklahoma driver generally must show financial responsibility, usually by carrying liability insurance at or above the minimum split limits, commonly cited as:

• $25,000 bodily injury per person
• $50,000 bodily injury per accident
• $25,000 property damage per accident

Shorthand: "25/50/25" (verify the current statutory figures). These are statutory floors; producers routinely recommend higher limits. A deposit or bond can satisfy financial responsibility, but liability insurance is the standard method. After certain serious violations a driver may be required to file an SR-22, a certificate proving the required coverage is in force.

In a 25/50/25 limit, remember the order: the first number is BI per person, the second is BI per accident, and the third (25) is property damage per accident—don't slide the property-damage figure into a BI slot.

Uninsured and underinsured motorist rules

This is a heavily tested Oklahoma area:

• Insurers writing auto liability must generally make available (offer) uninsured motorist (UM) and underinsured motorist (UIM) coverage, and a rejection of the coverage is typically required in writing.
• UM responds when the insured is injured by an at-fault driver who has no liability insurance, and it also covers hit-and-run drivers.
• UIM applies when the at-fault driver has insurance but at limits too low to cover the insured's damages; it pays the gap up to the insured's UIM limit.
• The other driver must be legally at fault for UM/UIM to respond.
• Stacking—combining the UM limits of more than one owned vehicle—may increase the coverage available.

Optional and physical-damage coverages

• Medical Payments (Med Pay) is optional and pays medical/funeral costs regardless of fault. Oklahoma does not mandate PIP/no-fault.
• Collision pays for impact with another vehicle or object or upset of the auto; Comprehensive (Other Than Collision) pays for losses such as theft, fire, hail, vandalism, or hitting an animal. Both are optional but typically required by a lender.
• On a total loss, physical-damage coverage pays the vehicle's actual cash value at the time of loss—gap coverage is what pays the difference between ACV and a larger loan balance. A betterment deduction may apply when new parts leave the vehicle better than before the loss.
• A newly acquired auto is generally covered for a limited time if reported within the required period, and a named driver exclusion removes coverage while a specifically named person is driving.

Cancellation and nonrenewal

Oklahoma regulates how an insurer may end a personal auto policy:

• Mid-term cancellation generally requires the insurer to give the policyholder the advance written notice required by law.
• Nonrenewal at the end of the term likewise requires advance written notice within the required time so the insured can find replacement coverage.
• On cancellation, the insurer keeps only the earned premium and refunds the unearned portion; when the insurer cancels, the refund is generally pro rata without penalty.

Required vs. optional coverages

Key Oklahoma numbers to memorize

Common exam traps

• Oklahoma is at-fault (tort), not no-fault. There is no mandatory PIP.
• Oklahoma uses modified comparative negligence (51% bar)—a claimant whose fault exceeds 50% recovers nothing; don't call it pure comparative or contributory.
• 25/50/25—the $25k in the third slot is property damage; don't slide it into a BI slot.
• UM/UIM must be offered/made available in Oklahoma, and a rejection is typically required in writing.
• Hitting an animal is Comprehensive, not Collision.
• Total loss pays ACV; gap coverage (not the PAP itself) covers a larger loan balance.
• Liability defense/supplementary payments are paid on top of the limit (national rule that still applies in Oklahoma).

Quick recap

• The PAP's Parts A–F structure is national; Oklahoma sets the limits and legal framework.
• Oklahoma is a tort/at-fault state using modified comparative negligence—a claimant whose fault exceeds 50% is barred.
• Minimum liability is commonly cited as 25/50/25 (verify).
• Uninsured and underinsured motorist coverage must be made available to the insured.
• Oklahoma has no mandatory no-fault/PIP; Med Pay and physical damage are optional, and total losses pay ACV.
• Mid-term cancellation and nonrenewal require the advance written notice the law specifies, with unearned premium refunded.