1. A morale hazard refers to:

An attitude of carelessness or indifference to loss because one has insurance

A morale hazard is indifference to loss arising from the belief that insurance will cover it, increasing the chance of loss.

2. Estoppel generally prevents a party from:

Asserting a right it has already given up or led another to rely on being waived

Estoppel bars a party from reasserting a right after a waiver or conduct that another reasonably relied upon.

3. In an insurance contract, the consideration given by the insured is generally:

The premium payment and the statements in the application

The insured's consideration consists of the premium and the representations in the application; the insurer's consideration is its promise to pay.

4. Express authority granted to a producer is:

Authority specifically given to the agent in the agency agreement

Express authority is the power explicitly granted to the producer in writing through the agency contract.